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May 17, 2012

Conditionals - English for Competitive Exams

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In this post we shall discuss about Conditionals. Another important topic which is useful in writing Competitive Exams. Especially Bank Exams.

There are two kinds of conditionals
  • Real
  • Unreal
Real conditions are used for possible situations. The present tense is used in the if - clause (or conditional clause), and the future tense is used in the result clause.

If he comes to the library, I will give him these books.
          Pres                          Fut

(it is possible that he will come)

* This is an Open Condition.

Unreal conditions are used for impossible or unreal situations.
  • The past tense is used in the "If-clause" and would, could, or migh, + the simple verb is used in the main clause.
                   If  she practiced well, she could win the game
                               That means She doesn't practice well (check the difference between this example and the above mentioned example)

                   If she came to my house, I would give her your message.
                                    That means, She doesn't come to my house.

* This is an unlikely condition.

  • When the past perfect is used in the "If-clause", and would, could, or might + have      + the past participle are used in the main clause.
                   If she had come to my house, I would have given her your message.
                              past perf.                          would + have + Past part
                               (she dint come to my house)

* This is a closed condition.

We can summarize the usage of the conditionals discussed above as given below :

If Clause

Main Clause
If + Present
…………
Future (result)
If + Past
…………
Would + Verb (result)
If + Past Perfect
…………
Would + Have + Past Participle (result)

Some points to Remember :
  • In general, avoid using would in the if-clause
  • In present time unreal if - clauses, the correct form of the verb to be for all persons is were
Have a look at some Examples :
  • If he were rich, he would go the U.S.A for higher studies.
  • If i were a bird, I would fly to England without VISA.
Conditionals in Sentence Correction in Competitive Exams  :
The following examples will make clear some of the common mistakes committed in the usage of conditionals. 
☓ If I will win the contest, I will buy a new house.
✔ If I win the contest, I will buy a new house.
☓ If I had been there, I would make a speech
✔ If I were there, I would make a speech.
✔ If I had been there, I would have made a speech.

☓ If I would have a degree from that University, I would have a degree from that University, I would get a good job.
✔ If I had a degree from that University, I would get a good Job.

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10 comments:

  1. Hi Admin..
    i am following this website for english... section... this is very good site... for english... improvement..

    thankyou for providing these

    is it enough if we follow this to get good marks in english...in bank exams for clerk?

    please tell me how to attempt synonyms and antonyms part... i am weak in engligh section..

    ReplyDelete
  2. hi admin this s very useful fr my bank exam prep , great job . continue it

    ReplyDelete
  3. thanks
    very useful

    ReplyDelete
  4. Thanks its very useful keep it

    ReplyDelete
  5. wow beautiful.... thanx

    ReplyDelete
  6. thanks alot brother................

    ReplyDelete
  7. mera question kyu publish nahi hota h

    ReplyDelete
  8. hello admin, i have a query on the last example....if i had a degree from that univ, i would have got a good job? ( if + pas perf.......fut. perf.)

    ReplyDelete
  9. if i had a degree from that univ., i would have got a good job.?

    ReplyDelete

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