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May 08, 2012

United Nations Organization (UNO)

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Friends, in this post we shall discuss about the United Nations Organization (UNO). Here are some basic and important details about the UNO.
  • It is an association of Independent States which bounded themselves by a Charter to maintain International Peace and Security.
  • This is the world's Largest International Organization, a successor to the League of Nations.

Foundation Day of UNO : 

                      The UNO formally came into existence on October 24, 1945 when the governments of China, France, the United Kingdom, the former USSR, the United States and a majority of other states ratified the UN Character.

United Nations Day :

October 24 is celebrated as the United Nations Day throughout the World.

The UN Flag :

The UN General Assembly adopted the UN flag on October 20, 1947
  • The White UN emblem is superimposed on a light blue back ground.
  • The emblem consists of the global map projected from the North Pole and embraced in twin Olive branches (these are the Symbol of Peace)
  • The UN flag is not to be subordinated to any other flag in the world.

Membership :

When the UN Charter was signed, there were only 50 members. By 2012 the membership rose to 193. The following nations were admitted recently.
  • 189th Member - Tuvalu
  • 190th Member - Switzerland
  • 191st Member - East Timor
  • 192nd Member - Montenegro
  • 193rd Member - South Sudan

Organs of the UNO :

The Principal bodies of the UNO are
  1. The General Assembly
  2. The Security Council
  3. The Economic and Social Council
  4. International Court of Justice
  5. Trusteeship Council 
  6. Secretariat

General Assembly (GA)

  • Headquarters : New York
  • Membership : Consists of all member-states of UNO. Each member can send five delegates but each nation has only one vote.
  • Functions : All other UN bodies report to the General Assembly. It discusses and makes recommendation on any subject covered under the UN Charter except those with which the Security Council may be dealing.
  • Meetings : The General Assembly meets every year in regular sessions beginning  on the third Tuesday in September every year. 

Security Council (SC) :

  • Headquarters : New York 
  • Membership : The Security Council has 15 members - Five permanent members enjoying veto power (China, France, Russia, UK and US) and 10 non permanent members. The non-permanent members are elected by the General Assembly. They retire on rotation of every two years.
  • Functions : The security Council is responsible for International Peace and Security. Any nation irrespective of its membership of the UNO, can put forth its problem before the Council. It can recommended peaceful solutions or, if necessary, may order use of force to restore peace.

The Economic And Social Council (ESC) :

  • Headquarters : New York
  • Membership : Consists of representatives of 54 member-countries elected by a two-thirds majority of the General Assembly. One-third of the members are elected every year to serve for a period of three years and one-third of the members retire annually.
  • Functions : The Economic and Social Council carries on the functions of the UNO with regard to international economic, social, cultural, educational, health and related matters. 
Thats all for now friends. Tomorrow we shall discuss about some more important points about UNO like its functions, Secretery - Generals etc. Happy Reading.............

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