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January 12, 2015

Operating System : Main Functions and Types

75 comments

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Friends, in yesterday's post, we've introduced ourselves to Operating System. (You can Read that post from here) Today we shall see the main functions and Types of Operating System.

An Operating System Performs the following Functions 

  1. Command Interpretation : In order to run a task on a computer, we have to give commands to it. Operating System enables the computer to understand the commands given by the users through keyboard or mouse. It also enables the computer to give the results based on the commands of the users.
  2. File Management : The Operating System manages the files in the system. It enables the users to create a file, save, open and delete the file. It also helps us to rename a file or folder, copying the files, moving the files from one place to another place.
  3. Memory Management : The Operating System allots space for the files in the memory. Only the operating system knows where the particular file has been kept in the system. When the user requires that file, the Operating System will search and give the file to the user. 
  4. Process Management : In a multiuser Operating System, two or more processes ca
    n work at one time. One computer may ask for a file, another for printing the document and so on. The Operating System will keep all those works / tasks in an order and gives some time for each work. This is called time sharing or process management. In this way the operating system processes the commands and executes all works one by one. 
  5. Input / Output Management : In order to run the program, we need some values of input and output. The Operating System not only provides the necessary values to all input and output parts but also controls them.
  6. Security : In order to protect data in multiuser Operating System, the operating system allots a passwords to the user so that others can not see or change the files of the user. 
  7. Error Messages : When a hardware device or a program in the computer is not working properly, then the operating system gives a message to the user. The operating system will also rectify minor errors in the system. 

Types of Operating Systems

  1. Single User Operating System : In this type of operating system one person can operate on one system. We cannot run more than one application here. If we want to open another programme, we have to close the current application or programme. The best example for the Single User OS is MS Dos
  2. Multi User Operating System : Many Persons can operate the system at the same time in this type of Operating System. The best example is Windows. One computer is the main (Server) here and there are subsidiary computers for others to work. The main computer will be connected with CPU and other parts, whereas in other computers, we will have only monitors and keyboards. These subsidiary computers are connected with main computer (server).
  3. Multi Programming Operating System : In this type of operating system, we can operate many programs at one time. We can operate M. S. Word and type a letter and we can hear audio at the same time. We can even make calculations on M. S. Excel without closing M. S. Word. Thus all these programs can be executed simultaneously by the operating system. 
  4. Multi Processing : The operation of this type of Operating System is same as above Multi-Program OS. The difference is we have many CPUs in multiprocessing system whereas only one CPU in multiprogramming OS. Since we have more than one CPU, programs are processed very fast in the Multiprocessing OS where as the programs are executed one by one in Multi Programming Operating System. 
  5. Real Time / Online Operating System : In this type of computer many inputs and outputs are done at the same time with great speed. The computer processes the inputs and outputs at the same time. For example in Railway Reservation and in Banking Systems, many requests (inputs) are processed by many users and the outputs are also processed at the same time. 
  6. Batch Processing Operating System : Batch here means a collection of instructions. In this type of operating system, the computer processes instructions in batch-wise. This type of Operating System is used in Main Frame computers where thousands of instructions will be processed on batch wise. 
  7. Time Sharing Operating System : Here the CPU time is shared among many users. The users thin that their instructions and commands are executed at the instant timer. but the switching operating of the operating system makes the users to think that their work is executed at the same time. 
That's all for now friends. In our next post we shall discuss about the Disk Operating System (DOS) in detail. Happy Reading :) 

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75 comments:

  1. TYPE OF DATA EACH LAYER HANDLE
    Physical layer –bits
    Data link layer-frames
    Network layer-datagrams or packet
    Transport Layer-Segment
    Presentation Layer-Encoded data
    Application layer-User data.

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  2. Hiii friend please tell. ..what data can be send from physical layer to application layer? ???

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  3. these kind of questions will b asked for IBPS SO IT?

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  4. read above friend.it will start with application layer to physical(sender side) and then physical to application(Receiver side)

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  5. New india insurance company ao exam kaise tha dosto, kitna attempt kiye plzzzz batao and accuracy level kya thi

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  6. Neha, kal k new india insurance company ao exam me kitna questions attempt kiye

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  7. Only 102. What about you?

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  8. any one will share total no. of banks under RBI of various sector

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  9. Thanks friends. ....
    You really do good.....wishes to you national youth day. ...

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  10. thank you team for updates and brother Ravi Guda for such information

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  11. RESPONSIBILITIES OF EACH LAYER in OSI Model
    Physical layer- Encoding and Signaling,Transmission modes, Hardware Specifications, Topology
    Data Link Layer- Data Framing, Addressing, Error Detection and Handling,Flow Control
    Network Layer-Logical Addressing ,Routing
    Transport Layer- Segmentation and Reassembly,Acknowledgments and Retransmissions,Flow Control,Error Control,Service Point addressing
    Session Layer-Dailog Control(half/full Duplex)duplex),Synchronization
    Presentation Layer-Compression and Encryption,Translation
    Application Layer-User applications

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  12. anyone will plz share total no. of banks in india and information regarding them

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  13. Guys this time Ibps clerk final maximum cutoff will touch 90 ? what u think guys becoz for delhi the general cutoff is 125so the weitage of 80 will be 50 then min cutoff around 70 and max will be around 90.......for general candidate in delhi

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  14. and Session layer..?

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  15. thanks bro... definitely one sure shot qtn ll be there frm OSI layers... very much needed info thank u... Ravi, emi anukokapote iddaru kalisi prepare avudam, mail me.. naa gmail id.. ikkada disqus username vundi kada ade all small chars nd no spaces... id clear ga raaste cmmnet block avutundi so cant type xactly.. tq

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  16. General category? AND generalist k liye na

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  17. In which state there is no grameen bank?

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  18. I goa and tripura

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  19. Nops. Obc. Haan generalist ke liye. How was ur xam?

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  20. Accha tha, general category hai yaar

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  21. Kitna attempt kiya? I'm sorry my Hindi is not good.

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  22. Expected result date for insurance AO?

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  23. plz provide us details of all chapters of computer for coming so

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  24. plz any one give bit nowlege about c and java

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  25. plz do provide computer soon as only one month to go

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  26. But what is ur pointof view on that.....

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  27. Bro min cutoff will be around 64 and max 85

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  28. last time it was 61 max 81 and i m hearing seats are more this time dont you think bro cutoff shall reduce?anyways do u have idea o seats this time

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  29. last yr it was 61 this time seats r also more i m hearing that dont u think this time it will reduce more?any idea of seats this time bro?

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  30. analog signals will be send by the sender and those signals receive by the receiver,those received analog signals will be converted into digital signals when application layer receive those data
    .

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  31. session layer allots the specific time for the session to convert,transfer,receive.

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  32. Interview call letters out

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  33. Interview call letters out...reply with ur date,time and venue of interview..

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  34. UIICL - Administrative Officer - Result Out

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  35. UIICL - Administrative Officer - Result Out...

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  36. what they asked about local language.writing si,or reading newspaperhow they comformed that we belongs to particular state

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  37. 10th jan 2 pm guindy. where n wen is urs?

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  38. they do both
    first before they ask us to write
    in interview they show us some paper and ask us to read

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  39. it is not bit ur asking both are 2 different mountains

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  40. Guys can any tell wen Ibps will provide d link to download application form for clerk. As i don't have app.form n I think it is required during interview.

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  41. bro @Logesh...10 th jan uh??/mine on 20th jan 2 pm guindy..

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  42. 23rd.. 9.30AM
    from AP

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  43. oh sorry 20th jan only :P so we can meet (Y)

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  44. drop ur email id, we shl b in touch

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  45. hello friends

    I created a form where we can share our info. i'll create a whatsapp group so we can be in contact and support one another in getting ready for the interview.

    please fill your details (like mobile number and name) in the link given below.

    https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1o5zzIlspUoqbPtOLBFXn6yXL2t626FSpZavMRffSvpc/viewform?usp=send_form

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  46. hi friends,

    i created a form for us to share info (name.. whatsapp number.. etc). so that we can stay connected and be prepared for inerview by sharing thoughts.

    plz fill in your details by selecting the link given below.

    https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1o5zzIlspUoqbPtOLBFXn6yXL2t626FSpZavMRffSvpc/viewform?usp=send_form

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  47. samuvel1990@gmail.com

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  48. i got the interview call letter today. I have a doubt i have my provisional but do not have my original degree certificate.will that be a problem?

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  49. anyone from gujarat??has anyone any idea that these vacancies are only in tamilnadu or all the states where the exam was held?

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  50. Do you guys have format for reference letter? and do we need to get attestation from gazette officer?

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  51. You yet to receive it or misplaced it?

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  52. interview at chennai 24th january-9.30am

    1) reference letter for all or only one who visited abroad?

    2) working now - how can we get reliving certificate from company?(pay slip available is it enough)

    3) only have mark sheets for PG... can i claim MBA (still final results pending)

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  53. i m from gujarat..they r not specifying anything about vacancies yar..

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  54. Hmm....u r going 4 intrview??

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  55. Separate birth certificate is needed or 10th class certificate is enough??

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  56. I really don't know what should I do...Still I cant decide..U r going???Ur interview is on which date??

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  57. not a mandatory i guess. drop an email to them just to make sure.

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  58. What about reference letter....what is it about??

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  59. Does anyone have the format for reference letter?

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  60. hey how was your interview,mine dated on 30th if you could help me the interview details...type of questions asked,procedure etc

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  61. Got shortlisted for interview. Anyone who has already appeared for interview ?? Please share how was the interview & what all do they ask ??

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  62. Thank you so much.
    Do u have any idea about the number of positions ??
    & with respect to documents, is it ok if the documents are self-attested ??
    I have a certification of Tally software. I also had a subject during my graduation. Will both of these count as a proof of computer knowledge ?? & how much time do they take for interview approximately ??

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  63. no idea about positions.... self attested they will agree... yes (computer knowledge).....for me 20 min(app)...for some 5 min

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