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August 14, 2014

Important Points you should know about Indian National Movement - Lesson 1

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Friends, as the part of our Indian History lesson series for upcoming competitive exams, today we shall discuss about some important events of Indian National Movement. Happy Reading :)
  • Debendra Nath Tagore first stated that the Indians had not profited by their connections with Great Britain to the extent they had a right to look for. He played a prominent part in pleading for reforms. 
  • The British Indian Association played a pioneering role in the political awakening of India in the pre 1857 period.
  • Raja Ram Mohun Roy is attributed to have introduced a new wave of freedom in India. He tried to bring about social and political consciousness among the people. He stressed on the minimum rent to be paid by cultivators, trial by jury, codification of law and he protested against the Press Ordinance of 1823. He intensified the movement for the affliction of "Sati".
  • The 47th Native Infantry refused to embark to Burma until they were paid Rs. 2 per soldier as traveling allowance per month. On 2nd November 1824, on their continued refusal to obey, their Commander-in-Chief Edward Paget gave orders to fire on them. This incident had a direct bearing on the Sipoy Revolt of 1857 and built up resentment strongly against the British. 
  • Nature and Character of the Revolt of 1857 : It was broadly a political movement which aimed at the elimination of foreign rule and return of old order. 
  • Surendranath Banerjee toured different parts of India in 1877 and this was considered the first successful attempt of its kind for uniting India on a political basis. He believed that as soon as the British government was convinced of his justness of demands these would be accepted.
  • Indian Association of Calculatta (All India) is the most important Nationalist Organization before Congress.
  • The All India National Conference which met at Calcutta in December 1883 was called as the Precursor of the Indian National Congress as it was conceived on the same lines and had the same programme.
  • While A. O. Hume wanted the Congress to act as a 'Safety valve' for the escape of the great Indian resentment, Lord Dufferin felt that the British needed an organization which would keep them informed regarding the prevalent Indian public opinion .With this view the British encourage the formation of the Congress party.
  • The first meeting of the Indian National Congress was held at Bombay, on 28th December 1885 and Womesh Chandra Banerjee was its first president. It consisted of 72 delegates only.
  • Two Englishmen, Sir William Wedderburn and W. S. Caine, set up the Indian Parliamentary Committee in 1893.
  • Lord Duffein, who had encouraged the formation of the Indian National Congress felt disillusioned by its increasing popularity. He referred to the educated middle class within the congress party as a 'microscopic minority  who had no right to speak on behalf of the people.
  • Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (1817-1898), secretary of the United Indian Patriotic Association asked the Muslims not to join the Congress party (in the 19th Century)
  • The Central Muhammadan Association formed in Calcutta (1878) and the Muhammadan Literary and Scientific Society founded in 1863 did not send delegates to the second session of the Congress fearing a Hindu Majority.
  • Aurobindo Ghosh wrote series of articles against the Congress in the 'Indu Prakash' under the title "New Lamps for Old".
  • Valientine Chirol called Bal Gangadhar Tilak as "the Father of Indian Unrest" for fostering the new spirit of freedom. 
  • Bal Gangadhar Tilak distributed leaflets during the celebrations of Ganapathi festival, urging the Marathas to rebel as Shivaji did. He used the two strong points of religion and history to motivate Indians to revolt. 
  • In 1906, Barindra Kumar Ghosh, the brother of Aurobindo Ghosh started a revolutionary society named "Anushilan Samiti" or "the society for Promotion of Culture and Training".
  • In 1912 a bomb blast wounded Lorg Hardinge. Ras Behari Bose was considered the brain behind the conspiracy but he could not be apprehended. 
  • Montague used the term "blended repression and concession" when referring to the policy adopted by the British to check the violent attacks committed by the revolutionaries. 
  • Aga Khan led the Muslim delegation to meet Lord Minto regarding the formation of the Muslim League on 1st October 1906.
  • Partition of Bengal was carried out by the British viceroy in India, Lord Curzon in 1905, the real motive behind this partition was to curb national feeling in politically advanced Bengal by driving a wedge between the Bengali speaking Hindus and Muslims. 
  • A young Tamilian named Champakarman Pillai, started the Indian National Party which was attached to the German General Staff.
  • The year 1916 is important due to various reasons.
    • The Congress and Muslim League concluded the 'Lucknow Pact' by which the Congress agreed to separate electorates. 
    • The moderates and extremists reunited to work together under the Indian National Congress.
    • The Home Rule League of Mrs. Annie Besant and the Home Rule League of Lokamanya Tilak also joined forces.
That's all for now friends. In our next post we shall discuss about the Khilafat movement, Non-cooperation movement and recommendations of Nehru Committee. 

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3 comments:

  1. publish the question bob manipal exam 14-08-2014 both shift

    ReplyDelete
  2. publish the question bob manipal exam 14-08-2014 both shift

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  3. Dear Shivani Ma'm If possible kindly Add a New Column for the Chronology of History Events of World to Contemporary India..

    ReplyDelete

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