SBI PO 2017 Study Plan : Day 8 - Blood Relation

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Hello everyone, I am Aparna and here is the Day 8 Lesson of our SBI PO 2017 Study Plan. Today's topic is Blood Relation of Reasoning Section. Happy Reading :) 

Blood Relation

Questions based on relationships are very common in competitive examinations. There are many variations in this type of questions. It may appear confusing but easier to answer if we break the questions in to parts and analyze it with the help of diagram.

In Bank PO Exams, we will face 3 types of Blood Relation Questions. They are,

• Type 1 - Deciphering Jumbled up Descriptions
• Type 2 - Relation Puzzle
• Type 3 - Coded Relations

Today we shall learn and practice these three types of Blood Relation questions with proper examples taken from previous papers. Before going into details, let's have a look at the basic relationship chart.

Here a clear knowledge of relationships and terms is necessary to find a solution. The common blood relationships and terms used for them are given below :

• Father's brother — Uncle
  
• Father's sister — Aunt
• Wife of Uncle —Aunt
• Husband of Aunt — Uncle
• Uncle or Aunt's children — Cousin
• Father's father — grandfather
• Father's mother — grandmother
• Grandfather or grandmother's son — Father or Uncle
• Grandfather or grandmother's only son — Father
• Grandfather or grandmother's daughter —Aunt 

• Mother's brother — Maternal Uncle
• Mother's sister — Maternal Aunt
• Wife of maternal uncle — Maternal Aunt
• Husband of maternal aunt — Maternal Uncle
• Maternal uncle or aunt's children — Cousin
• Mother's father — Maternal grandfather
• Mother's mother — Maternal grandmother
• Maternal grandfather or grandmother's son —Uncle
• Maternal grandfather or grandmother's daughter — Mother or Aunt
• Maternal grandfather or grandmother's only daughter — Mother

• Mother or Father's son — Brother
• Mother or Father's daughter — Sister
• Husband or wife's brother — Brother-in-law
• Husband or wife's sister — Sister-in-law
• Husband or wife's father — Father-in-law
• Husband or wife's mother — Mother-in-law
• Sister or sister-in-law's husband — Brother-in-law
• Brother or brother-in-law's wife — Sister-in-law
• Brother, brother-in-law, sister or sister-in-law's son — Nephew 
• Brother, brother-in-law, sister or sister-in-law's daughter — Niece 

• Son's wife — Daughter-in-law
• Daughter's husband — Son-in-law
• Son or daughter's son — Grandson
• Son or daughter's daughter — Granddaughter
• Grandson or granddaughter's son — Great Grandson
• Grandson or granddaughter's daughter — Great Granddaughter

TYPE 1 : DECIPHERING JUMBLED UP DESCRIPTIONS

In this type of questions, a round about description is given in the form of certain small relationships and you are required to analyse the whole chain of relations and decipher the direct relationship between the persons concerned.

Example Questions :

Ex.1. Pointing to a lady in the photograph, Shaloo said, "Her son's father is the son-in-law of my mother." How is Shaloo related to the lady ?

1. Aunt 
2. Sister
3. Mother
4. Cousin
5. None of these 

Sol : Lady's son's father is lady's husband. So, the lady's husband is the son-in-law of Shaloo's mother, i.e. the lady is the daughter of Shaloo's mother. Thus, Shaloo is the lady's sister. Hence, the answer is (2).

2. Introducing Reena, Monika said, "She is the only daughter of my father's only daughter". How is Monika related to Reena ?

1. Aunt
2. Niece
3. Cousin
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these 

Ans : (5), Monika's father's only daughter -Monika. So, Reena is Monika's daughter. i.e. Monika is Reena's mother. 

3. Looking at a portrait of a man, Harsh said, "His mother is the wife of my father's son. Brothers and sisters I have none". At whose portrait was Harsh looking?

1. His son
2. His cousin
3. His uncle
4. His nephew
5. None of these 

Ans : (1): Since Harsh no brother or sister, so he is his father's only son. So, wife of Harsh's father's son - Harsh's wife. Thus, Harsh's wife is the man's mother or the man is Harsh's son.

4. When Anuj saw Manish, he recalled, "He is the son of the father of my daughter's mother". Who is Manish to Anuj ?

1. Brother-in-law 
2. Brother
3. Cousin
4. Uncle
5. Nephew

Ans : (1): Anuj's daughter's mother -Anuj's wife; Anuj 's wife's fahter - Anuj 's father-in-law; Father-in law's son - Anuj's brother-in-law. So, Manish is Anuj 's brother-in-law. 

5. Pointing to a woman, Naman said, "She is the daughter of the only child of my grand-mother". How is the woman related to Naman ?

1. Sister
2. Niece
3. Cousin
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these 

Ans : (1) : Only child of Naman's grandmother -Naman's father/mother. 

Daughter of Naman's father/mother - Naman's sister. 

6. Arun said, "This girl is the wife of the grand-son of my mother". Who is Arun to the girl ?

1. Father
2. Grandfather
3. Husband
4. Father-in-law
5. None of these

Ans: (4): Mother's grandson - Son; Son's wife - Daughter-in-law. 

7. Rita told Mani, "The girl I met yesterday at the beach was the youngest daughter of the brother-in-law of my friend's mother." How is the girl related to Rita's friend ?

1. Cousin
2. Daughter
3. Niece
4. Friend
5. Aunt 

Ans. The relations may be analysed as follows: Daughter of brother-in-law - Niece; Mother's niece - Cousin. 

So, the girl is the cousin of Rita's friend. Hence, the answer is (1). 

8. Pointing to a man, a woman said, "His mother is the only daughter of my mother". How is the woman related to the mother ?

1. Mother
2. Daughter
3. Sister
4. Grandmother
5. None of these 

Ans : (1), Only daughter of my mother - My-self. 

So, the woman is man's mother.

9. Deepak said to Nitin, "That boy playing foot-ball is the younger of the two brothers of the daughter of my father's wife. "How is the boy playing football related to Deepak ?

1. Son
2. Brother
3. Cousin
4. Nephew
5. Brother-in-law 

Ans : (2) : Father's wife - Mother; Mother's daugh-ter - Sister; Deepak's sister's younger brother -Deepak's younger brother. So, the boy is Deepak's brother. 

10. Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Amar said, "Her mother's brother is the only son of my mother's father." How is the girl's mother related to Amar ?

1. Mother
2. Sister
3. Aunt
4. Grandmother
5. None of these 

Ans : (3) : Only son of Amar's mother's father - Amar's maternal uncle. 

So, the girl's maternal uncle is Amar's maternal uncle. Thus, the girl's mother is Amar's aunt. 

Practice Questions :

1. Introducing a man, a woman said, "He is the only son of my mother's mother". How is the woman related to the man?

1. Mother
2. Aunt  
3. Sister
4. Niece  
5. None of these

2. If Kamal says, "Ravi's mother is the only daughter of my mother", how is Kamal related to Ravi ? 

1. Grandfather
2. Father
3. Brother
4. Cannot be determined
5. None of these

3. Pointing to a photograph, a man said, "I have no brother or sister but that man's father is my father's son!" Whose photograph was it ? 

1. His own
2. His son's
3. His father's
4. His nephew's
5. None of these

4. Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman said, "His brother's father is the only son of my grandfather." How is the woman related to the man in the photograph ?

1. Mother 
2. Aunt 
3. Sister 
4. Daughter 
5. Grandmother

5. Pointing to a man in a photograph, Asha said, "His mother's only daughter is my mother". How is Asha related to that man.

1. Nephew
2. Sister
3. Wife
4. Niece
5. Grand daughter

6. Pointing to the woman in the picture, Rajiv said, "Her mother has only one grandchild whose mother is my wife". How is the woman in the picture related to Rajiv ? 

1. Cousin
2. Wife
3. Sister
4. Data inadequate 
5. None of these

7. Introducing a man, a woman said, "His wife is the only daughter of my father. "How is that man related to the woman ?

1. Brother 
2. Father-in-law
3. Maternal uncle
4. Husband 
5. None of these

8. Pointing towards a boy, Veena said, "He is the son of only son of my grandfather. "How is that boy related to Veena ?

1. Uncle 
2. Brother
3. Cousin
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these

9. If X is the brother of the son of Y's son, how is X related to Y ? 

1. Son
2. Brother
3. Cousin
4. Grandson
5. Uncle

10. Pointing to a gentleman, Deepak said, "His only brother is the father of my daughter's father". How is the gentleman related to Deepak

1. Grandfather
2. father
3. Brother-in-law
4. Uncle
5. None of these

Answers :

1. Ans: (4): 

Mother's mother - Maternal grand-mother, Maternal grandmother's only son -Maternal uncle. 

So, the man is woman's maternal uncle i.e. the woman is man's niece. 

2. (5) : 

Only daughter of Kamal's mother - Kamal's sister. 

So, Ravi's mother is Kamal's sister or Kamal is the brother of Ravi's mother i.e. Ravi's maternal uncle. 

3.(2) : Since the narrator has no brother, his father's son is he himself. 

So, the man who is talking is the father of the man in the photo-graph. 

Thus, the man in the photograph is his son. 

4. (3) : 

Only son of woman's grandfather -Woman's father; Man's brother's father -. Man's father. 

So, the woman is man's sister. 

5.(d) : 

Asha's mother mother is man's mother i.e., Asha's mother is man's sister or Asha is man's niece. 

6. (b) : 

Rajiv's wife's child - Rajiv's child The woman's mother is the grandmother of Rajiv's child. 

So, the woman is Rajiv's wife. 

7. (d) : 

Only daughter of woman's father = woman herself. So, the man is woman's husband. 

8. (b) : 

Only son of grandfather - Father' Son of father - Brother. So, the boy is Veena's brother. 

9.(d) : 

Son of Y's son - Grandson; Brother of Y;'s grandson - Y's grandson. So, X is Y's grandson.  

10. (d) : 

Father of Deepak's daughter's father - Deepak's father. 

So, the man's brother is Deepak's father or the man is the brother of Deepak's father i.e. Deepak's uncle. 

TYPE 2 : RELATION PUZZLE

 

In this type of questions, mutual blood relations of more than two persons are mentioned.  You are required to analyse the given information, work out a family chart and then answer the given questions. 


Ex. 1. Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below : 

Ravi is son of Aman's father's sister. Sahil is son of Divya who is mother of Gaurav and grandmother ofArnan. Ashok is father of Tanya and grandfather of Ravi. Divya is wife ofAshok. 

1. How is Ravi related to Divya ? 

1. Nephew
2. Grandson
3. Son
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these

2. How is Gaurav's wife related to Tanya ? 

1. Niece
2. Sister
3. Sister-in-law
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these 

Sol : 

1. Divya is wife of Ashok, and Ashok is grandfather of Ravi. So, Ravi is Divya's grandson. Hence, the answer is (2).

2. Tanya is Ashok's daughter, Gaurav is Divya's son and Ashok is Divya's husband. So, Gaurav is Tanya's brother and his wife is Tanya's sister-in-law. Hence, the answer is (3). 

Ex. 2. Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below : There are six children playing football, namely A, B, C, D, E and F. A and E are brothers. F is the sister of E. C is the only son ofA's uncle. B and D are the daughters of the brother of C's father. 

1. How is C related to F ? 

1. Cousin 
2. Brother
3. Son
4. Uncle
5. None of these

2. How many male players are there ?

1. One 
2. Three
3. Four
4. Five
5. Six

3. How many female players are there ? 

1. One
2. Two
3. Three
4. Four
5. Five

4. How is D related to A ?

1. Uncle
2. Sister  
3. Niece
4. Cousin 
5. None of these

Solutions :

1. F is E's and hence A's sister. So, C is also the son of F's uncle and is, therefore, F's cousin. Hence, the answer is (1). 

2. As given, A and E are brothers. Hence both are males. F is the sister of E and hence female. C is the son and hence male. Band D are daughters and hence female. Thus, there are three males. So, the answer is (2). 

3. Clearly, from the solution of 2, we find that there are three females. So, the answer is (3). 

4. Clearly, D's father is the brother of C's father and C's father is A's uncle. So D's father is also A's uncle. Thus, D is A's cousin. Hence, the answer is (4). 

Ex.3.  Directions (Questions 1 to 3) : Read the following information and answer the questions given below : 

A is the son of B. C, B's sister, has a son D and a daughter E. F is the maternal uncle of D.

1. How is A related to D ? 

1. Cousin
2. Nephew
3. Uncle
4. Brother

2. How is E related to F ? 

1. Sister
2. Daughter
3. Niece
4. Wife

3. How many nephews does F have ?

1. Nil
2. One
3. Two
4. Three 

Ans : 1-3 

1.(1) : A is the son of Band D is the son of the sister of B. So, A is the cousin of D. 

2. (3) : E is the daughter of C and D is the son of C. So, F, who is the maternal uncle of D, is also the maternal uncle of E. Thus, E is the niece of F. 

3.(3) : Clearly, F is the maternal uncle of D means F is the brother of D's mother i.e. F is the brother of C. C is the sister of B. So, F is the brother of B who is A's mother. Thus, F is the maternal uncle of A. So, A and D are the nephews of F i.e., F has two nephews. 

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
 

1. B is the husband of P. Q is the only grandson of E, who is wife of D and mother-in-law of P. How is B related to D ?

1. Nephew 
2. Cousin 
3. Son-in-law 
4. Son 

2. D, the son-in-law of B, is the brother-in-law of A who is the brother of C. How is A related to B ? 

1. Brother
2. Son
3. Father 
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these

3. E is the son of A. D is the son of B. E is married to C. C is B's daughter. How is D related to E ? 

1. Brother
2. Uncle
3. Father-in-law
4. Brother-in-law
5. None of these

4. A and B are married couple. X and Yare brothers. X is the brother of A. How is Y related to B ? 

1. Brother-in-law 
2. Brother 
3. Cousin 
4. None of these

5. If X is brother of son of Y's son, then how is X related to Y ? 

1. Brother
2. Cousin
3. Grandson
4. Son

6. P's father is Q's son. M is the paternal uncle of P and N is the brother of Q. How is N related to M ? 

1. Brother
2. Nephew
3. Cousin
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these

7. A is the uncle of B, who is the daughter of C and C is the daughter-in-law of P. How is A related to P ? 

1. Brother
2. Son
3. Son-in-law 
4. Data inadequate
5. None of these

8. If (i) M is brother of N; (ii) B is brother of N; and (iii) M is brother of D, then which of the following statements is definitely true ? 

1. N is brother of B. 
2. N is brother of D. 
3. M is brother of B. 
4. D is brother of M. 
5. None of these 

9. Q's mother is sister of P and daughter of M. S is daughter of P and sister of T. How is M related to T ? 

1. Grandmother 
2. Father 
3. Grandfather 
4. Grandfather or Grandmother 
5. None of these

10. P is the son of Q while Q and R are the sisters to one another. T is the mother of R. If S is the son of T, which of the following statements is correct ? 

1. T is the brother of Q. 
2. S is the cousin of P. 
3. Q and S are sisters. 
4. S is the maternal uncle of P. 
5. R is the grandfather of P.

ANSWERS 
 
1. (4) : B is the husband of P and E is mother-in-law of P. So, B is the son of E. Also, E is wife of D. Thus, B is the son of D. 

2.(2) : D is the son-in-law of B and brother-in-law of A. This means that B is the father/ mother of D's wife', and A is the brother of D's wife. Thus, A is B's son. 

3. (4) : C is B's daughter and D is B's son. So, D is the brother of C. E is a male married to C. So, E is the husband of C, whose brother is D. Thus, D is the brother-in-law of E.

4. (1) : A and B are husband and wife. Since X and Y are brothers and X is the brother of A, Y is also the brother of A. Thus, Y is the brother-in-law of B. 

5. (3) : Brother of son is also a son. So, X is son of Y's son i.e. X is Y's grandson. 

6. (5) : P's father is Q's son. So, Q is P's grandfather. M is the paternal uncle of P. So, M is the brother of P's father. This means that M is also Q's son. N is the brother of Q. Thus, N is the paternal uncle of P. 

7. (2) : B is the daughter of C and C is the daughter-in-law of P. So, P is the grandfather of B. Also, A is uncle of B i.e. A is the brother of B's father. Thus, A is the son of P. 

8. (3) : M is the brother of Nand B is the brother of N. So, M is the brother of B. 

9. (4) : S is daughter of P and sister of T. So, T is  daughter of P. Now, the sister of P is the daughter of M. This means that P is the son or daughter of M. Clearly, T is the grand daughter of M. So, M is the grandfather or grandmother of T. 

10. (4) : Q and R are sisters. So, T is the mother of R means T is the mother of both Q and R. S is the son of T means S is the brother of Q. Thus, P is the son of Q means S is the maternal uncle of Q. 

TYPE 3 :  CODED RELATIONS 

Directions (Questions 1 to 3) : Following questions are based on the information given below : 
(i) 'P x Q' means 'P is the father of Q'; 
(ii) 'P - Q' means 'P is the sister of Q';
(iii) 'P + Q' means 'P is the mother of Q'; 
(iv) `P ÷ Q' means I' is the brother of Q'. 

1. In the expression B+D x M÷ N, how is M related to B ? 

1. Granddaughter
2. Son 
3. Grandson
4. Granddaughter or Grandson
5.  None of these

2. Which of the following represents 'J is son of F' ? 

1. J÷R-TxF
2. J+R-TxF 
3. M - N x F
4. Cannot be determined
5. None of these

3. Which of the following represents 'R is niece of M' ? 

1. M÷ K x T -R
2. M-J+R-N 
3. R - M x T + W 
4. Cannot be determined
5. None of these

Ans : 1-3 

1. (3) : B + D x M ÷ N means B is the mother of D who is the father of M, who, in turn, is the brother of N. Thus, M is the son of D, whose mother is B i.e. M is B's grandson. 

2. (5) : J÷R-TxF means J is the brother of R who is the sister of T who is the father of F i.e. J is the uncle of F. 

J+R-TxF means J is the mother of R who is the sister of T who is the father of F i.e. J is the grandmother of F.
 
J÷ M - N x F means J is the brother of M who is the sister of N who is the father of F i.e. J is the uncle of F. `J is son of F' means F is the mother/father of J who is a male (brother of some person A) i.e. Fx J÷A or F + J ÷ A. 

3. (2) : R is niece of M means R is the daughter of the brother or sister of M i.e. M - J + R - N or M-J x R-N or M÷K+R-N or M÷ K x R - N. 

Directions (Questions 4 to 8) : 

Read the following information carefully to answer these questions : 
(i) 'A $ B' means 'A is mother of B'; 
(ii) 'A # B' means 'A is father of B';
(iii) 'A @ B' means 'A is husband of B'; 
(iv) 'A % B' means A is daughter of B'. 

4. P@Q$M#T indicates what relationship of P with T ? 

1. Paternal grandmother
2. Maternal grandmother 
3. Paternal grandfather 
4. Maternal grandfather 
5. None of these

5. Which of the following expressions indicates `R is the sister of H' ?

1. H$D@F#R
2. R%D@F$H 
3. R$D@F#H 
4. H%D@F$R 
5. None of these

6. If F @ D% K # H, then how is F related to H ?

1. Brother-in-law 
2. Sister
3. Sister-in-law 
4. Cannot be determined
5. None of these

7. Which of the following expressions indicates 'H is the brother of N' ?

1. H#R$D$N
2. N%F@D$H#R 
3. N%F@D$H
4. N%F@D%H 
5. None of these

8. If G $ M @ K, how is K related to G ? 

1. Daughter-in-law 
2. Mother-in-law
3. Daughter 
4. Aunt 
5. None of these

Ans : 4-8 

4. (3) : 

P@Q $ M # T means P is the husband of Q who is the mother of M who is the father of T i.e. P is the father of T's father i.e. P is T's paternal grandfather. 

5. (2) : R is the sister of H means R is the daughter of the father of H i.e. R is the daughter of the husband (say D) of the mother (say F) of H i.e. R%D@F$H. 

6.(1) : F@D % K # H means F is the husband of D who is the daughter of K who is the father of H i.e. F is the husband of D who is the sister of H i.e. F is H's brother-in-law. 

7. (2) : H is the brother of N means N is the daughter of H's father and H is a male i.e. N is the daughter of the husband (say, F) of the father (say, D) of H and H is the father or husband of some other person (say, R) i.e. N % F@D$H#RorN%F@D$H@R. 

8. (1) : G $ M @ K means G is the mother of M who is the husband of K i.e. K is the wife of G's son i.e. K is G's daughter-in-law. 


Directions (Questions 9 to 11) : These questions are based on the following information : 

• `P@ Q' means `P is mother of Q'; 
• `P $ Q' means `13 is husband of Q'; 
• P # Q' means `P is sister of Q';
• P * Q' means 'P is son of Q'. 

9. Which of the following indicates the relationship 'R is daughter of T' ? 

1. T@B#F*R
2. T@B#R*F
3. R#F*B@T
4. R#F*B$T
5. None of these

10. M* H @ D $ K represents what relation of H with K ?

1. Mother
2. Father
3. Father-in-law
4. Cannot be determined
5. None of these 

11. If F#J * T$R@ L, then which of the following is definitely true ? 

1. L is brother of J, 
2. F is sister of L 
3. F is brother of J. 
4. F is brother of L. 
5. None of these

Ans : 9-11 

9. (4) : R is the daughter of T means 
(i) T is the mother of R who is the sister of say, B i.e. T @ R # B; or 
(ii) T is the husband of the mother (say, F) of R who is the sister of say, B i.e. T $F@R#B; or 
(iii) R is the sister of the son (say, F) of T i.e. R # F * T; or 
(iv) R is the sister of the son (say, F) of the husband (say, B) of T i.e. R # F* B $ T. 

10. (5) : M*H@D$K means M is the son of H who is the mother of D who is the husband of K i.e. H is the mother of K's husband i.e. H is K's mother-in-law. 

11. (2) : F # J* T $ R@L means F is the sister of J who is the son of T who is the husband of R who is the mother of L i.e. T and R are respectively the father and mother of F, J and L of whom F is female and J is male. Thus, F is the sister of each one of J and L, while J is the brother of each one of F and L. 


Directions (Questions 12 to 13) : Read the information given below to answer the questions that follow :
(i) 'P x Q' means 'Q is mother of P';
(ii) + Q' means '13 is brother of Q'; 
(iii) - Q' means '13 is sister of Q'; 
(iv) `P÷ Q' means `Q is father of P'. 

12. Which of the following definitely means 'X is grandson of D' ? 

1. X x H÷D 
2. A+ X x H÷D 
3. A - X x H ÷ D
4. Cannot be determined (e) None of these

13. Which' of the following statements is superfluous to answer the above question?

1. (i) only 
2. (ii) only
3. (iii) only 
4. (iv) only
5. None of these

Ans : 12-13 

12. (5): X is the grandson of D means
(i) X is the brother of the son/daughter (say, A) of say, H whose father is D i.e. 
X +A x H ÷ D or X +A ÷ H ÷ D; or 
(ii) X is the brother of the son/daughter (say, A) of say, H whose mother is D 
i.e. X+AxHxD or X+A÷HxD. 

13. (3) : Clearly, we didn't use the code P - Q in the above question and as such, statement (iii) is superfluous. 

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