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May 15, 2012

Parallelism - English for Competitive Exams

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In this post, we shall discuss about PARALLELISM. An important topic, which is helpful to you in solving English Language section in Competitive Exams especially Bank Exams. Now have a look at the following Points.

  • Item in a series must be parallel : I mean, they must have the same Grammatical form. 

    • Nouns : 
      • He Likes music, art, and science.
    • Gerunds : 
      • He likes dancing, Swimming, and painting. (Verb + Ing Form)
    • Adjectives : 
      • He is tall, cool, and handsome. (Adj)
      • They wanted to paint, the living room, to lay a new carpet, and to buy a new sofa. (Infin)
    • Past Tense : 
      • The Romans conquered, colonized, and governed much of the world.
    • Past Perfect Tense : 
      • He had finished the game, had taken a shower, and had eaten lunch by the time I went to his house.
      • Note : The auxiliary "had" may be omitted in the second and the third verb phrases.

  • The structure joined by and, but, as, or then, or although must have the same grammatical form.

    • And : 
      • He enjoyed the music of spain  and  the sculpture of France (N PHRASE)
    • But :
      • That verb form is not active, but passive (Adj)
    • As :
      • Taking the bus can be as costly as taking a plane (V + Ing)
    • Or :
      • He wanted to borrow  a car or to rent one while his car was being repaired. (Infin)
    • Than :
      • Eating in a restaurant is more fun than cooking at home 
    • Although :
      • Although he liked to eat good food, he did not like  to pay high prices for it. (Infin)

Now lets see some Examples :

  •  Her husband had bought a car, found a job, and choose a school for the children before she arrived.
  •  Her husband had bought a car, found a job, and chosen a school for the children before she arrived.
  •  That soup should not be served hot, but at a cold temperature.
  •  That soup should not be served hot, but cold.
  •  Renting and apartment can be as expensive as to buy a house.
  •  Renting an apartment can be as expensive as buying a house.
  •  He is young, intelligent, and has charm.
  •  He is young, intelligent, and charming.
  •  She likes to read, to travel and blogging.
  •  She likes to read, to travel, and to blog.

Thats all for now Friends. Happy Reading :)



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